nghiêm khắc
/ˈstrɪndʒənt//ˈstrɪndʒənt/The word "stringent" has its origin in the Latin word "stringere," which means "to draw tight" or "to bind." This root can be traced back to the Proto-Indo-European word "treyg," which has the same meaning. In the 16th century, "stringent" was used to describe a medicine that caused the tightening of muscles or the constriction of blood vessels. This meaning is derived from the fact that many of these medicines were made from plant extracts that caused muscles to contract, similar to how a string is drawn tight. Outside of medicine, "stringent" was also used to refer to conditions that required strict adherence or compliance. This usage is likely due to the similarity between the tightening or binding effect of a medicine and the strictness associated with adhering to a set of rules or conditions. Overall, the etymology of "stringent" is rooted in its original meaning of tightening or binding, and has evolved over time to include both medical and non-medical uses.
very strict and that must be obeyed
rất nghiêm ngặt và phải tuân theo
quy định nghiêm ngặt về chất lượng không khí
Giấy phép chỉ được cấp trong những điều kiện nghiêm ngặt nhất.
Vào thời đó, các tiêu chuẩn an toàn ít nghiêm ngặt hơn.
Hội đồng quản trị chỉ áp dụng các tiêu chí nghiêm ngặt nhất cho các quyết định của mình.
difficult and with very strict controls because there is not much money
khó khăn và bị kiểm soát rất chặt chẽ vì không có nhiều tiền
chính sách kinh tế nghiêm ngặt của chính phủ