theo thể chế
/ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəli//ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənəli/The word "institutional" can be traced back to the late 1800s, when it was used to describe organizations that provided care and accommodation to individuals, particularly the elderly and those with disabilities. The term "institution" itself originated in the 16th century, where it referred to a religious order or a building operated by such an order. The word takes its root from the Latin word instituere, meaning to establish or set up. As these care-providing organizations grew and expanded, the adjective "institutional" emerged as a way to describe the systemic and structured nature of their operations. The prefix "in-" in institutional refers to the inside or interior of a place, indicating that these organizations were enclosed spaces where individuals received care and support. The word "institutionally" can therefore be understood to mean a practice, behavior, or attitude that is deeply ingrained in the structure and operation of an organization or system. It highlights the role of institutions in shaping societal norms, values, and beliefs, and how these values can influence the lives and experiences of people who interact with these institutions. In contemporary usage, institutional practices and behaviors are often subject to critique and reform, as they are acknowledged to have the potential to perpetuate systemic inequalities and discrimination.
as part of the normal systems, practices, etc. of an organization, society or culture
như một phần của hệ thống, thực hành, v.v. bình thường của một tổ chức, xã hội hoặc văn hóa
Tổ chức này bị coi là có hành vi phân biệt chủng tộc.
in or by an institution (= a large organization such as a hospital, university, prison, etc.)
trong hoặc bởi một tổ chức (= một tổ chức lớn như bệnh viện, trường đại học, nhà tù, v.v.)
một tuyên bố công khai được tổ chức xác nhận từ giáo sư
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