chấn lưu
/ˈbæləst//ˈbæləst/The word "ballast" has its roots in the 14th century, derived from the Latin word "ballastrum," meaning "weight" or "anchor." Initially, in the 1300s, ballast referred to the heavy material placed in the hold of a ship to stabilize its cargo and improve its buoyancy. This material was often rock, iron, or lead, which would counterbalance the lighter cargo, ensuring the ship remained upright and seaworthy. Over time, the term "ballast" evolved to encompass a broader meaning, describing any weight or load used to stabilize or balance something, whether it be a physical object, a system, or even an idea. Today, the word "ballast" is used in various contexts, including engineering, navigation, and even finance, where investors might speak of a "ballast" as a stabilizing factor in a portfolio.
heavy material placed in a ship or hot-air balloon to make it heavier and keep it steady
vật nặng đặt trong tàu hoặc khinh khí cầu để làm cho nó nặng hơn và giữ cho nó ổn định
a layer of stones that makes a strong base on which a road, railway, etc. can be built
một lớp đá làm nền vững chắc để xây dựng đường bộ, đường sắt, v.v.
