nước hoa
/pəˈfjuːməri//pərˈfjuːməri/The word "perfumery" originated from the French word "parfumerie," which entered the English language in the 17th century. "Parfumerie" itself can be traced back to the French words "parfum" (which means "perfume") and "erie" (which means "shop" or "retail store"). The historic roots of this term can be seen in the long-standing tradition of perfume-making, which dates back to ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome. In these cultures, perfumes were not only used for personal hygiene but also as a statement of social status and the mark of the elite. The production and sale of perfumes became a highly specialized craft, with professional perfumers known as "parfumeurs" creating unique and exquisite scents. As perfume-making became more commercialised in the 19th century, shops dedicated solely to the sale of perfumes emerged, and the term "perfumery" became commonly used to describe this specialised form of retail. Today, perfumery continues to be an artistic and scientific discipline that combines chemistry, aesthetics, and culture in its pursuit of new and captivating scents. As a result, the term "perfumery" remains a potent reminder of the history and rich cultural legacy of perfume-making, and it continues to be an essential part of our lexicon when discussing the world of fragrance.
a place where perfumes are made and/or sold
nơi sản xuất và/hoặc bán nước hoa
một chuyến thăm đến cửa hàng nước hoa Fragonard ở Paris
the process of making perfume
quá trình sản xuất nước hoa
dầu dùng trong nước hoa