Definition of cardinal sin

The term "cardinal sin" derives from the Latin word "peccatum cardinalium," which was coined by Saint Augustine in the fifth century. In Latin, "cardinal" means "hinging" or "pivotal," and it refers to the fact that these sins are considered to be fundamental and grave violations of God's law. The concept of cardinal sin, however, can be traced back to ancient Roman law. The term " crimes cardinales" was used to describe the most serious offenses, which carried the harshest penalties. Augustine adapted this term, changing it slightly to "cardinal sins," to describe the gravest offenses against God's commandments. The list of cardinal sins has varied over time, but the modern Roman Catholic Church categorizes them as pride, greed, lust, envy, and wrath, which are collectively known as the Seven Deadly Sins. These sins are considered to be spiritual hazards that can lead to a person's moral downfall and spiritual death, whereas virtues like humility, generosity, chastity, and patience serve as antidotes to these vices. In summary, the term "cardinal sin" is an ancient Christian designation that refers to the most serious violations of God's law, originally adapted from Roman legal terminology by Saint Augustine to denote fundamental and grave offenses against God's commandments.