Definition of implicature

implicaturenoun

sự ngụ ý

/ˈɪmplɪkətʃə(r)//ˈɪmplɪkətʃər/

The term "implicature" has its roots in the field of linguistics, specifically in the study of language pragmatics. The word was first coined by the British philosopher and linguist Paul Grice in the 1960s. Grice was interested in how people convey meaning beyond the literal sense of words, and he proposed the concept of implicature to explain this phenomenon. Grice defined implicature as "what is conveyed by the saying of something, but is not part of what is said" (Grice 1969). In other words, implicature refers to the indirect and implicit meaning that is inferred or assumed by the listener based on the context, circumstance, and shared knowledge between the speaker and the listener. For example, saying "I'm tired" might implicature that you need rest or don't feel like doing something. Since then, the concept of implicature has been widely adopted in linguistics, philosophy, and cognitive science to study how people communicate and understand each other.

namespace

the act of suggesting that you feel or think something is true, without saying so directly

hành động ám chỉ rằng bạn cảm thấy hoặc nghĩ điều gì đó là đúng, mà không nói trực tiếp

something that you can understand from what is said, but that is not stated directly

một cái gì đó mà bạn có thể hiểu từ những gì được nói, nhưng không được nêu trực tiếp

Example:
  • An implicature of ‘Some of my friends came’ is ‘Some of my friends did not come’.

    Một hàm ý của câu ‘Một số bạn bè của tôi đã đến’ là ‘Một số bạn bè của tôi đã không đến’.

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