Definition of hoist

The word "hoist" comes from the Middle English word "hosten," which means "to lift" or "to raise." This word, in turn, derives from the Old English "hōstan," with the same meanings. The Old English word "hōstan" is related to the Old Norse "hātan," which also means "to lift." This indicates that the word "hoist" is likely a borrowing from the Old Norse language, as there was significant contact between Old Norse and Old English speakers during the Viking Age. In fact, the original meaning of "hoist" was more general, referring to any activity of lifting or raising something, such as an animal or a piece of cargo. As modern usage has developed, the meaning of "hoist" has become more specialized, often referring specifically to lifting or moving heavy objects using a machine or device, such as a crane or a pulley system. So, whether you're lifting a heavy load with a crane or just helping a friend move a couch, you're using a descendant of the same Old English word that has been in use for over a thousand years.