Definition of cyanobacteria

cyanobacterianoun

vi khuẩn lam

/ˌsaɪənəʊbækˈtɪəriə//ˌsaɪənəʊbækˈtɪriə/

The term "cyanobacteria" is derived from two Greek words: "cyano," which means "blue," and "bakteria," which means "rod-shaped bacterium." The term "blue bacterium" was coined by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch microbiologist who first observed these organisms in the 17th century. However, it was not until the early 19th century that the German naturalist Lorenz Oken recognized that these "blue bacteria" were actually photosynthetic, air-breathing organisms distinct from other bacteria. He named them Cyanozoon, meaning "blue animal" or "blue life." The term "cyanobacteria" eventually replaced Cyanozoon as it more accurately describes the non-animalic nature of these organisms. Today, cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are recognized as some of the oldest and most primitive forms of life on Earth, with a history dating back over 2 billion years.

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Example:
  • Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are primitive microorganisms that play a crucial role in the Earth's ecosystem by converting sunlight into oxygen through the process of photosynthesis.
  • Researchers have discovered a new species of cyanobacteria that thrives in extreme environments such as hot springs and acidic mines.
  • The bloom of cyanobacteria in freshwater bodies during summer months presents a significant health concern as some species can produce toxins that are dangerous to humans and animals.
  • Cyanobacteria are being researched as a potential source of biofuels and other useful compounds due to their unique metabolic pathways.
  • The fossil records of cyanobacteria date back to nearly 3 billion years ago, making them some of the oldest organisms on Earth.
  • The colors that cyanobacteria display in ponds and lakes range from green to red to blue, creating a stunning visual display known as a red tide or green scum.
  • Since cyanobacteria are capable of fixing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, they are important in combatting climate change by reducing the greenhouse gases in the environment.
  • Scientists continue to investigate the role that cyanobacteria might have played in the evolution of more complex organisms, as some evidence suggests that they may have been the precursors to early eukaryotic life forms.
  • Cyanobacteria have adaptations that allow them to withstand harsh environments, such as high salinity or drought, making them a useful model for studying life in extreme conditions.
  • Despite their critical role in the ecosystem, cyanobacteria are often improperly referred to as "algal blooms" due to their rapid growth and abundance. However, there is growing recognition of the importance of accurately identifying and studying these organisms.