Definition of commissioned officer

The term "commissioned officer" originated during the medieval period when armies were composed primarily of knights and noblemen who led troops by virtue of their noble status or personal wealth. As monarchies evolved, so did the structure of the military. In the 17th century, standing armies replaced feudal levies, and the concept of a professional officer corps became necessary. In 1661, Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army established a clear distinction between commissioned officers and non-commissioned officers (NCOs). Commissioned officers were appointed by the king or monarch and were responsible for leading and managing troops. These officers received a "commission" or written order from the sovereign, which not only granted them authority but also specified their duties and responsibilities. The commission process included several steps, starting with the officer candidate's application to a commissioning source, such as a military academy or a direct commission from civilian life. The candidate was then subjected to a rigorous selection process, which included interviews, physical fitness tests, and psychological evaluations. Once selected, the officer received a written commission that outlined their rank, duties, and terms of service. The commission was usually for a specific term, after which the officer's service could be extended. Commissioned officers, also known as "gentlemen officers," were expected to come from the upper echelons of society, and their social status served as a qualification for leadership. However, this changed in the 1800s, as many countries began to offer commissioned officers' positions to individuals from non-aristocratic backgrounds based on merit alone. In summary, the term "commissioned officer" originated during the evolution of standing armies in the medieval period, where the concept of a professional officer corps replaced the traditional concept of aristocratic leaders. Commissioned officers are appointed by the sovereign, receive a commission that outlines their responsibilities, and are responsible for leading and managing troops. The selection process for commissioned officers is rigorous, ensuring that only the most qualified and capable individuals are selected to lead the military.