Definition of caesarean section

The term "caesarean section" derives from Julius Caesar, the famous Roman leader. It is believed that the expression was coined by the Roman physician Caius Cornelius Celsus in the first century AD, who wrote a comprehensive medical guide called "De Medicina" (On Medicine). In Celsus' time, Caesarean sections were extremely rare and only performed as a last resort to save the mother's life or when the baby was in a breech position. Caesarean deliveries fell out of favor during the Middle Ages due to religious beliefs and fears of the operation's efficiency and safety. However, pregnant women in labor with known breech presentations or other complications could still request a Caesarean section. The procedure involves making an incision across the mother's abdomen and uterus to extract the baby. Originally, "Caesarian section" referred to an obstetric emergency operation, and Celsus himself warned that it could lead to serious complications or death for both the mother and the child. However, in modern times, the procedure has become much safer, thanks to advances in medical technology and anesthesia, and is now performed for medical or elective reasons. Today, an estimated 20% of deliveries in developed countries involve a Caesarean section, with factors such as maternal age, medical conditions, and previous births having an impact on the decision to opt for this procedure. Nevertheless, the term "Caesarean section" continues to hold historical and cultural significance, as it is a significant departure from the traditional process of childbirth.