Surely, you are no longer unfamiliar with the word V-ing, right? Because this is also a very common and familiar grammar to us. In addition, this verb conjugation grammar is a basic grammar that new English learners need to master. Therefore, let's review grammar with EnglishTopVN by adding this ing ending in the article below!
In English, in the following cases, verbs need to add the suffix -ing To be grammatically correct:
With continuous tenses such as present continuous, present perfect continuous, past continuous, past perfect continuous, future continuous, future perfect continuous.
For example:
=> Present continuous tense, structure S+ is/am/are+ V-ing.
=> Past continuous tense, structure S+ was/were +V-ing
=> Future continuous tense, structure S+ will+ be+ Ving
With gerunds, add ing after the verb to keep its function as a noun in the sentence.
For example:
Listening to music is my favorite things.
=> Verb Listen suffix added ing become Listening, acts as the subject in the sentence.
Reading books helps us broaden our knowledge.
=> Verb Read suffix added ing to become Reading, becomes a gerund.
Below are some rules for adding ing to verbs that you need to master
- Rule 1: With verbs ending in is e => Remove “e" more "ing”
For example:
Use => Using
Pose => Posing
Improve => Improving
Change => changing
Take => Taking
Drive => Driving
In some cases, we still keep "e” and add the suffix “ing”
For example:
See => Seeing
Agree => Agreeing
Age => Ageing
- Rule 2: With verbs ending in “yes” => Keep “yes" more "ing”
For example:
- Rule 3: With one - syllable verbs ending in a consonant (Except for consonants h, w, x,y), preceded by a vowel => Double the final consonant before adding the ending -ing
For example:
run => running
Stop => Stopping
Win => Winning
With verbs ending in consonants h, w, x, y, we only add “ing” without doubling the consonant.
For example:
Fix => fix
Play => Playing
- Rule 4: Verbs with two syllables, ending with a consonant, preceded by a vowel, the stress falls on the second syllable => Double the consonant before adding the ending -ing
For example:
Begin => beginning
Permit => Permitting
Preferred => Preferring
- Rule 5: Verbs with two syllables, ending with a consonant, preceded by a vowel, the stress falls on the first syllable => Do not double the consonant, add -ing
For example:
Listen => Listening
Happen => Happening
Enter => Entering
Open => Opening
- Rule 6: The verb has 2 syllables, the last consonant is “l", preceded by a vowel => In British English, double "l” before adding -ing
In Anglo-American, there is no need for double "l” which just needs to add the ending -ing
For example:
Travel => Traveling
Travel => Traveling
- Rule 7: With verbs ending in “ie” we change to “y” before adding the suffix “ing”
For example:
Lie => lying
Die => Dying
Verbs ending in “y” we just need to add “ing”:
For example:
- Rule 8: Verbs like “Traffic, Mimic, Panic” we must add “k” at the end then add “ing”
For example:
Traffic => trafficking
Micmic => Mimicking
Panic => Panicking
Picnic => Picnicking
If the verb does not fall under the above rules, you just need to add an ending -ing at the end is fine.
For example: